寧夏明礬：十(shi)二水(shui)硫酸(suan)鋁鉀(jia)(jia)(jia)，又(you)稱(cheng)：明(ming)(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、白礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)(jia)(jia)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)(jia)(jia)鋁礬(fan)(fan)(fan)、鉀(jia)(jia)(jia)明(ming)(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)，是含有(you)結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)的硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)(jia)(jia)和(he)硫酸(suan)鋁的復鹽。無色立(li)方(fang)晶(jing)體(ti)，外表常呈八面體(ti)，或與立(li)方(fang)體(ti)、菱形(xing)(xing)(xing)十(shi)二面體(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)成聚形(xing)(xing)(xing)，有(you)時(shi)以{111}面附于(yu)(yu)容器(qi)壁(bi)上而形(xing)(xing)(xing)似(si)六方(fang)板狀(zhuang)，屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)α型明(ming)(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)類復鹽，有(you)玻(bo)璃光澤。密度1.757g/cm3，熔點92.5℃。92.5℃時(shi)失去9個(ge)分子結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)，200℃時(shi)失去12個(ge)分子結(jie)(jie)晶(jing)水(shui)。溶(rong)于(yu)(yu)水(shui)，不溶(rong)于(yu)(yu)乙醇(chun)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)性味酸(suan)澀(se)，寒(han)；有(you)抗菌作用(yong)(yong)、收斂作用(yong)(yong)等，可用(yong)(yong)做中(zhong)藥(yao)。明(ming)(ming)(ming)礬(fan)(fan)(fan)還可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)制(zhi)備鋁鹽、發酵粉、油(you)漆、鞣料(liao)、澄清劑、媒(mei)染劑、造紙、防(fang)水(shui)劑等，在我們的生活中(zhong)常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)凈水(shui)。