寧夏工業鹽在染(ran)料工業(ye)中(zhong)的應(ying)用染(ran)料工業(ye)常用的原(yuan)料如燒堿、純(chun)堿是鹽(yan)(yan)為原(yuan)料直(zhi)接(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)出來的,鹽(yan)(yan)酸、硫化鈉、保(bao)險(xian)粉等是鹽(yan)(yan)經深加(jia)工制(zhi)得的化工產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin);此外,還直(zhi)接(jie)耗用大(da)量(liang)的鹽(yan)(yan)。所以(yi)說,染(ran)料工業(ye)是除了氯堿工業(ye)以(yi)外,與鹽(yan)(yan)業(ye)關系非(fei)常密切(qie)的行業(ye)之一。而且(qie)染(ran)料生產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程中(zhong)幾乎(hu)每(mei)個(ge)步(bu)驟都要耗用一定數量(liang)的鹽(yan)(yan)。在冶(ye)金工業(ye)中(zhong)的應(ying)用工業(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)在冶(ye)金工業(ye)中(zhong)用作氯化焙(bei)燒劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和淬火劑(ji)(ji)(ji),也作處理金屬(shu)礦石的脫硫劑(ji)(ji)(ji)和澄清劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。鋼制(zhi)品(pin)和鋼軋制(zhi)品(pin)浸入食鹽(yan)(yan)溶(rong)液,可使其表(biao)面硬化并除去氧(yang)化膜。帶鋼及不銹鋼的酸洗(xi),煉鋁(lv)、電解解金屬(shu)鈉等的助(zhu)焙(bei)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)都要用到鹽(yan)(yan)化工產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin),以(yi)及冶(ye)煉中(zhong)的耐(nai)火材料等都需(xu)要鹽(yan)(yan)化工產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。
在工(gong)業化的(de)(de)時代(dai)中(zhong),人們所(suo)認識(shi)的(de)(de)鹽(yan)不是(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化學(xue)科學(xue)中(zhong)所(suo)說的(de)(de)工(gong)業鹽(yan),所(suo)以(yi)鹽(yan)還分為(wei)可(ke)食(shi)用(yong)鹽(yan)和不可(ke)食(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)業鹽(yan),只有(you)在正確認識(shi)到(dao)這(zhe)一(yi)點(dian)之后,才可(ke)保證不會因為(wei)誤食(shi)有(you)毒鹽(yan)類(lei)而引發群體中(zhong)了毒事件(jian)。
工業鹽的用途
用于肥皂制造(zao)、陶瓷、玻(bo)璃出(chu)產(chan)、日用化工、石油鉆探、鉆井(jing)(jing)工作液、完井(jing)(jing)液、石油化工脫(tuo)水液、建筑行業早強劑(ji)、出(chu)產(chan)涂料的凝固劑(ji)、橡膠行業乳膠凝聚劑(ji)、造(zao)紙產(chan)業添加劑(ji)及廢紙張脫(tuo)墨、化學產(chan)業的無機化工原料及硫酸根(gen)脫(tuo)除(chu)劑(ji)等。
工(gong)業(ye)鹽水(shui)有(you)著再(zai)生(sheng)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)主要功(gong)能。水(shui)中的(de)不(bu)良離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)主要由(you)鈣(gai)(gai)、鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組成,一(yi)般去(qu)除鈣(gai)(gai)鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)方法是(shi)(shi),想辦法讓水(shui)通過裝有(you)陽離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)交換(huan)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)軟水(shui)裝置設備,將(jiang)水(shui)中的(de)鈣(gai)(gai)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)置換(huan)出來,隨著樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)內鈣(gai)(gai)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)增加(jia),然后(hou)用樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)去(qu)除鈣(gai)(gai)離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)效能逐(zhu)漸降低。當樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)吸收一(yi)定量的(de)工(gong)業(ye)鹽中的(de)鈣(gai)(gai)鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時,就必須進行(xing)再(zai)生(sheng)創(chuang)造,而樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)的(de)再(zai)生(sheng)過程就是(shi)(shi)用工(gong)業(ye)鹽水(shui)沖洗樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)層,把(ba)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)的(de)鈣(gai)(gai)鎂離子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)置換(huan)出來,然后(hou)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)就恢復原(yuan)有(you)功(gong)能。
純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有保質(zhi)期嗎純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)學名碳酸鈉,俗稱蘇(su)打、石堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)灰、堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)粉(fen)、洗(xi)滌堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),屬(shu)于鹽類,純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)外(wai)觀(guan)為白色粉(fen)末或(huo)細粒結(jie)晶(jing),味澀(se),水溶(rong)液呈堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)性。純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的分類有很多,按照(zhao)用途有工業級(ji)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)食品級(ji)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),按照(zhao)顆粒密度可分為輕質(zhi)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)重質(zhi)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),按照(zhao)生產工藝可分為天然堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、氨堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)法和(he)聯減(jian)法,另外(wai)還有副產純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)落地堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。
食(shi)品級(ji)純堿的保質期(qi)是(shi)180天。
工業純堿一(yi)(yi)般是不易變質的(de),一(yi)(yi)般沒有保質期,但是固體碳酸(suan)鈉在(zai)空氣(qi)中吸水性強(qiang),所以還是要(yao)注(zhu)意儲存方法,一(yi)(yi)般放在(zai)陰涼、通風處,一(yi)(yi)定要(yao)注(zhu)意遠離火種、熱源,要(yao)跟酸(suan)類等分(fen)開存放,放在(zai)密(mi)封罐和玻璃(li)罐中是明智的(de)選(xuan)擇了。