事實(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)般指氯(lv)化鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)，偶爾指亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)，但教(jiao)科(ke)書(shu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)說工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)，這是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)誤解。事實(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，從(cong)(cong)事工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)人都(dou)(dou)知道亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)比氯(lv)化鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)貴。多(duo)虧了(le)死亡，沒有(you)人會(hui)故意(yi)使用亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)來制作假食鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)被稱為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，因為(wei)(wei)它(ta)(ta)看起來像氯(lv)化鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)。起初(chu)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)僅(jin)指氯(lv)化鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)，但其純(chun)度(du)低于(yu)(yu)食用鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)很(hen)多(duo)用途（隨便發布一(yi)個(ge)索(suo)引不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)廣告(gao)，只是(shi)(shi)供讀者參(can)考(kao)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用于(yu)(yu)鍋爐(lu)軟化水）。用于(yu)(yu)鍋爐(lu)軟化的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)非(fei)常(chang)常(chang)見。我(wo)從(cong)(cong)制造(zao)商(shang)那里了(le)解到，它(ta)(ta)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)由海鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)直(zhi)接(jie)制成的(de)(de)(de)。它(ta)(ta)含(han)(han)有(you)鐵離子(zi)，呈(cheng)淡(dan)黃色(se)（有(you)些(xie)是(shi)(shi)粉紅色(se)）。理(li)論上(shang)(shang)(shang)，它(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)含(han)(han)亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)，但含(han)(han)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)氯(lv)化鈣、氯(lv)化鎂和氯(lv)化鉀。由于(yu)(yu)吸(xi)濕(shi)性，它(ta)(ta)通常(chang)呈(cheng)現(xian)大(da)塊，其中(zhong)大(da)部分與玉(yu)米(mi)粒一(yi)樣大(da)。如果(guo)純(chun)度(du)更高，它(ta)(ta)只有(you)小米(mi)那么大(da)。用于(yu)(yu)食品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害(hai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)亞(ya)硝酸鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)害(hai)，因為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)如剛才所(suo)說，理(li)論上(shang)(shang)(shang)，它(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)含(han)(han)亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)。據我(wo)所(suo)知，事實(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，沒有(you)海水可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)暴露(lu)亞(ya)硝酸鈉(na)(na)(na)(na)(na)。然(ran)而，由于(yu)(yu)缺乏(fa)精煉，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)可能(neng)(neng)含(han)(han)有(you)一(yi)些(xie)重(zhong)金屬和穩定且易(yi)結晶的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機物(wu)，但可能(neng)(neng)性也很(hen)小。很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)是(shi)(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)（在古代是(shi)(shi)私鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)）進入(ru)市(shi)場(chang)將對市(shi)場(chang)產(chan)生影(ying)響。我(wo)國幅員遼闊，食鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)資源(yuan)分布不(bu)(bu)(bu)均，如果(guo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)實(shi)(shi)行食鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)壟斷(duan)，依靠市(shi)場(chang)，奸商(shang)很(hen)容易(yi)操(cao)縱(zong)市(shi)場(chang)，擾亂市(shi)場(chang)。今年(nian)，中(zhong)國正(zheng)式停止了(le)2000多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)食鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)壟斷(duan)制度(du)，但它(ta)(ta)并沒有(you)完全市(shi)場(chang)化。縱(zong)觀所(suo)有(you)主要國家，事實(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，所(suo)有(you)食鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)都(dou)(dou)沒有(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)市(shi)，這是(shi)(shi)打擊假鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)核(he)心原因。另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)輔助因素是(shi)(shi)碘鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和假鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)生產(chan)和銷(xiao)售(shou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)加碘。然(ran)而，這個(ge)問題(ti)現(xian)在非(fei)常(chang)有(you)爭議。低碘鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)和非(fei)碘鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)正(zheng)在慢慢成為(wei)(wei)主流。